With crying babies reported that they need. They cry when hungry, tired, or lie in a wet diaper. Carefully listening to her crying baby, you'll be able to distinguish a request for assistance from a mere whining before falling asleep.
Most babies cry a lot. Studies have shown that a 2-week baby is crying about 1 hour and 45 minutes per day and 6-week - about 3 hours.
Sometimes I cry for no reason?
When a child from 3 to 12 weeks, he cries often, even if the diaper dry and he was not tired. This usually occurs before dinner. Doctors believe that such a cry caused by overexposure to experience during the day. Usually, at liberty to weep, the child quickly and deeply asleep.
Why is the baby crying?
Understand why your child is crying, help the following list of possible causes:
* Tired?
* Hungry?
* Feel uncomfortable (he's hot or cold, wet or dirty diaper, etc.)?
* Bored?
* Sick?
Crying from hunger - it is usually abrupt cries on low notes, they then become louder, then calms down. Dissatisfied with the weeping and angry sounds, baby cries persistently and with chagrin. Cry of pain or suffering, usually begins abruptly, with a loud and prolonged shriek, which, after a pause followed by a drawling howl.
How to calm your baby?
In the first months of life the best way - as soon as possible remove the cause of dissatisfaction with the child. In this age of increased attention will only benefit the baby.
First of all, if the child is wet and hungry, change diapers and feed the baby. If the lament sounded a note of panic, check to see whether undid the button on the slider, or, perhaps, velcro diapers regard to the child's body. If the child is dry and well fed, but continues to cry, you can try one of the following methods:
* Rock the baby in her arms or in a rocking chair.
* Gently pat on the back or chest, or stroke the head
* Walk with your child in the hands or roll it into the stroller.
* Sing the song of the child.
* Swaddle baby (gently wrap it in absorbent blanket).
* Use any rhythmic sounds (turn on the fan or quiet, rhythmic music).
* Encourage your child to belch and get rid of the backlog of the jeep.
Sometimes, children just need to leave alone. Many children fall asleep with tears, and they fall asleep faster, if not for long to leave them alone. If a child is really tired, he would not cry too long.
What to do if a child does not cease to cry?
If, despite all your efforts, the child does not calm down, and crying sounds strange, perhaps, the baby fell ill. Measure its temperature. If the rectal temperature of 38 ° and above it may be an infection. Try unswathe child and measure its temperature 20 minutes later. If the temperature is still high, call your doctor immediately.
The more relaxed you are behaving, the easier it will reassure the child. Play the cries of a baby is very tiring, but if you start to get angry, it only exacerbates the problem. If you do not manage, ask another family member or friend to help you.
Do not shake your baby and do not pull it. Strong shaking can cause blindness in infants, concussion and even death.
If a child has colic
Children suffering from colic, cry more than others, and their cry is different from the usual. It is louder and more like a squeal. Sometimes during a crying child presses the arms and legs to the body, as if in pain. Sometimes he pulls the limbs and strained. Child may even turn red from crying.
What causes colic is unknown. Perhaps the child a stomach ache. Typically, colic starts in age from 2 to 6 and weeks pass, and to 4-6 months.
If your child has colic - it's not your fault. But you can try to change the mode and method of feeding. American Association of Family Physicians advises:
* If the last feeding was 2 hours, feed the baby. Try to feed him more often but smaller portions.
* If you use an artificial diet, it is possible that the feeds should be replaced. Sometimes it helps the transition to a mixture containing hydrolyzed protein. You can also improve the situation, if before it is needed to heat the bottle up to body temperature.
* If feeding takes less than 20 minutes, and children like to suck, try to put on a bottle nipple with a hole of smaller diameter.
Rx Maryland
Friday, September 18, 2009
Age-related changes
Definition
Starting with the so-called middle-age body increasingly difficult to cope with the daily burden, physical and sometimes mental abilities begin to fade. In developed countries, life expectancy is more than 70 years. In fact, people can live and 120 years, but this prevented failures in the various body systems that occur in the second half of life. Age-related changes lead to chronic and, in some cases, fatal disease. The most vulnerable to cardio-vascular, digestive, excretory, nervous and reproductive systems. Distribution of "senile" diseases are Alzheimer's disease, osteoarthritis, cancer, diabetes, depression and ischemic heart disease.
Description
The peak of growth and maturation of the human body has approximately 25 years. Then comes maturity and aging - the natural processes that follow the rapid blossoming of youth. Some age-related changes are carried heavily, but not always render a feeble old man. Features of the aging process due to health, lifestyle and genetic predisposition. With age, most often observed the following changes:
* Hearing impairment (particularly affected the perception of high tones).
* Increasing the number of adipose tissue in relation to the muscle (the ratio could rise by almost 30%). Layer of subcutaneous fat, previously distributed evenly throughout the body, now thin, and fat accumulates in the abdominal area. A person loses the ability to rapidly consume fats (including cholesterol and fat-soluble substance), and they begin to accumulate in the body.
* Reduction of water content in the body. This leads to a deterioration of absorption of water-soluble substances. The body produces less saliva and other hydrating fluids.
* Deterioration of the liver and kidneys. Because of this, begin to accumulate harmful products of metabolism.
* The deterioration of the digestive system by reducing the development of gastric juice.
* The weakening of muscles, the deterioration of motor coordination, decreased mobility, dexterity and flexibility.
* Reduced development of sex hormones, the attenuation of sexual function.
* The gradual weakening of taste and smell.
* Changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems lead to a deterioration in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to various organs and systems of the body.
* The deterioration of the nervous system. The signals of the brain are transmitted is not as effective. Reflexes slow, deteriorating memory and ability to perceive new information.
* Reduction of bone density and strength of bones.
* A gradual decrease in hormone production, especially thyroid and sex glands.
* Blurred vision, increased risk of eye diseases (eg, macular degeneration).
* The deterioration of natural production of vitamin D under the action of sunlight.
* Reduction of formation of proteins, reduced bone and muscle mass, increased risk of osteoporosis.
Causes and symptoms
There are several theories to explain the aging process. In each case a leading role for a particular factor (or combination).
* Programmed aging ( "theory of biological clocks"). Aging of cells programmed at the genetic level. The number of possible divisions laid once and for all. When the cells begin to die faster than recover, authorities could not cope with the tasks assigned to them vital functions.
* The genetic theory. In the cells of the presence of substances that destroy them at the chromosomal level.
* Structural Theory. With age, deteriorating condition of the connective tissue: from the fact that it becomes less firm and elastic, irreversible changes occur.
* The theory of free radicals. The most popular theory that as a result of chemical reactions in the body cells formed free radicals that cause damage and cell death. Over time, the number of dead and dormant cells is growing. Because of this disrupted the whole organism.
* Immunological theory. With age, the immune system wears out. The body becomes more susceptible to infectious diseases and disorders that eventually lead to death. In addition, due to weakening of the immune system run autoimmune reaction: the body recognizes its own cells as alien and he kills them.
Diagnosis
With age-related changes involve numerous diseases. Common methods of detecting them not, but examination of the patient, the general and biochemical blood tests help to identify problem areas. Older people at the beginning of the disease often occur in worn shape. The survey must be appointed in the presence of these symptoms:
* Decreased appetite
* Confusion
* Incontinence
* Dizziness
* Weight loss
* Cases fall
Treatment
The doctors almost always prescribe symptomatic treatment of diseases associated with aging. Approximately two-thirds of people over 65 years (among them more women than men) have resorted to using drugs. Older people often take painkillers, diuretics, sedatives and psychotropic drugs and drugs for cardiovascular diseases and antibiotics.
Postmenopausal women to address the symptoms of age-related changes are usually appointed by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogens. In addition, frequently prescribed drugs and progesterone. Prove that HRT helps to preserve mental abilities.
Outputs
Aging is inevitable, but the infirmities of age can be avoided. Even in very old people can continue to lead active lifestyles. In order to prevent or alleviate the symptoms of chronic diseases, need the support of relatives, friends and doctors, as well as proper nutrition, healthy lifestyles and ability to cope with stress.
Alternative therapies
Nutritional Supplements
Older people are encouraged to take high-quality vitamin and mineral complexes. In old age is often a shortage of B vitamins, vitamins A and C, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, chromium and other trace elements. As in old age reduces the production of gastric juice, it is better to take vitamins in gelatin capsules, which are easily digested. In some vitamin complexes contain enzymes to improve digestion.
Antioxidants help eliminate the damage caused by free radicals, which are considered one of the causes of aging. Antioxidants are also useful for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cataracts and glaucoma.
The list of substances that are antioxidants:
* Vitamin E (daily norm - 400-1000 IU). Protects cell membranes from damage. May help prevent Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
* Selenium (the recommended dose - 50 mg 2 times a day). May reduce the risk of cancer.
* Beta-carotene (daily norm - 25000-40000 IU). Used as adjuvant treatment for cancer, colds, flu, arthritis, and to strengthen the immune system.
* Vitamin C (1000-2000 mg / day). In large doses can cause diarrhea. When side effects decrease dosage.
* Other useful supplements for age-related diseases:
* Complex vitamins B12 / B. According to studies, vitamin B12 improves memory and eliminates mental health problems (confusion and depression).
* Coenzyme Q10. It is effective for the treatment of heart disease. 3 / 4 of patients with heart disease are deficient in this enzyme.
Hormonal preparations
The following hormonal treatments used for prevention and treatment of diseases associated with aging of the organism. Before applying you should consult with a specialist.
DHEA normalizes hormones, helps to restore muscle mass and strengthen bone tissue and the prevention of heart disease.
Melatonin is used to treat insomnia, sexual dysfunction, viral and bacterial infections. Acceptance of this hormone reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Somatotropin (growth hormone) normalizes blood glucose levels, strengthens bone, cartilage and muscle tissue, helps to burn fat.
Phytopreparations
Garlic (Allium sativa) is used to prevent and treat heart disease, improves complexion and skin condition. Garlic normalizes the liver and digestive system, lowers blood pressure.
Eleutherococcus (Eleutherococcus senticosus) stimulates the adrenal glands and the immune system. There is evidence that it helps to eliminate problems caused by stress. Siberian ginseng enhances mental and physical activity, prevent memory loss, chronic fatigue syndrome and immune dysfunction.
Source proantotsianidov are pine bark, bones and skin of grapes. These compounds are useful for the prevention of cancer and eye diseases.
In Ayurveda, aging is explained by the fact that the man begins to dominate Vata dosha - the driest of the three doshas (basic life forces). Man becomes thin, loses fluid, becomes more and more nervous, anxious and fearful, complains of poor sleep and appetite. To correct this condition using food (bananas, almonds, avocados, coconuts) and fitodrug Gotha-Cola, or pennywort (Centella asiatica), strengthens the immune system and restore the normal functioning of the nervous system and brain cells. Pennywort is used to treat loss of memory, anxiety and insomnia.
In Chinese medicine, aging is explained by a lack of yin. Older people are encouraged to have "moisturizing products. These include millet, barley soup, tofu, golden beans, oats, spirulina, potatoes, black sesame seeds, walnuts, flaxseed. You can use tonics: extract from antlers of a deer, weed seeds, sprouts of Chinese foxglove, "Longevity soup, mussels and chicken.
Prevention
To increase life expectancy and improve its quality in old age need to eat right, lead an active lifestyle, avoid stress and give up bad habits. Physical exercise strengthens bone tissue, improves appetite, digestion, emotional feelings and circulation.
Drinking plenty of fluids can maintain healthy skin, good digestion and timely withdrawal from the organism of decay products. On the day you should drink up to 8 glasses of water, along with herbal tea, diluted fruit and vegetable juices, consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits with high content of liquid.
Due to the weakening of taste receptors older people are often added to eat more salt. This leads to an increase in blood pressure and lack of useful substances in the body. Consumption of sugar also increased. As a sugar substitute can be used seaweed and honey (in small quantities).
Alcohol, nicotine and caffeine are potentially dangerous, so their need to partially or completely abandoned.
Recommended foods rich in fiber but low in fat and complex carbohydrates (eg cereals). If it is difficult to chew, drink more drinks containing proteins, milk cereals, fresh fruit and vegetable juices.
Rx Louisiana
Starting with the so-called middle-age body increasingly difficult to cope with the daily burden, physical and sometimes mental abilities begin to fade. In developed countries, life expectancy is more than 70 years. In fact, people can live and 120 years, but this prevented failures in the various body systems that occur in the second half of life. Age-related changes lead to chronic and, in some cases, fatal disease. The most vulnerable to cardio-vascular, digestive, excretory, nervous and reproductive systems. Distribution of "senile" diseases are Alzheimer's disease, osteoarthritis, cancer, diabetes, depression and ischemic heart disease.
Description
The peak of growth and maturation of the human body has approximately 25 years. Then comes maturity and aging - the natural processes that follow the rapid blossoming of youth. Some age-related changes are carried heavily, but not always render a feeble old man. Features of the aging process due to health, lifestyle and genetic predisposition. With age, most often observed the following changes:
* Hearing impairment (particularly affected the perception of high tones).
* Increasing the number of adipose tissue in relation to the muscle (the ratio could rise by almost 30%). Layer of subcutaneous fat, previously distributed evenly throughout the body, now thin, and fat accumulates in the abdominal area. A person loses the ability to rapidly consume fats (including cholesterol and fat-soluble substance), and they begin to accumulate in the body.
* Reduction of water content in the body. This leads to a deterioration of absorption of water-soluble substances. The body produces less saliva and other hydrating fluids.
* Deterioration of the liver and kidneys. Because of this, begin to accumulate harmful products of metabolism.
* The deterioration of the digestive system by reducing the development of gastric juice.
* The weakening of muscles, the deterioration of motor coordination, decreased mobility, dexterity and flexibility.
* Reduced development of sex hormones, the attenuation of sexual function.
* The gradual weakening of taste and smell.
* Changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems lead to a deterioration in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to various organs and systems of the body.
* The deterioration of the nervous system. The signals of the brain are transmitted is not as effective. Reflexes slow, deteriorating memory and ability to perceive new information.
* Reduction of bone density and strength of bones.
* A gradual decrease in hormone production, especially thyroid and sex glands.
* Blurred vision, increased risk of eye diseases (eg, macular degeneration).
* The deterioration of natural production of vitamin D under the action of sunlight.
* Reduction of formation of proteins, reduced bone and muscle mass, increased risk of osteoporosis.
Causes and symptoms
There are several theories to explain the aging process. In each case a leading role for a particular factor (or combination).
* Programmed aging ( "theory of biological clocks"). Aging of cells programmed at the genetic level. The number of possible divisions laid once and for all. When the cells begin to die faster than recover, authorities could not cope with the tasks assigned to them vital functions.
* The genetic theory. In the cells of the presence of substances that destroy them at the chromosomal level.
* Structural Theory. With age, deteriorating condition of the connective tissue: from the fact that it becomes less firm and elastic, irreversible changes occur.
* The theory of free radicals. The most popular theory that as a result of chemical reactions in the body cells formed free radicals that cause damage and cell death. Over time, the number of dead and dormant cells is growing. Because of this disrupted the whole organism.
* Immunological theory. With age, the immune system wears out. The body becomes more susceptible to infectious diseases and disorders that eventually lead to death. In addition, due to weakening of the immune system run autoimmune reaction: the body recognizes its own cells as alien and he kills them.
Diagnosis
With age-related changes involve numerous diseases. Common methods of detecting them not, but examination of the patient, the general and biochemical blood tests help to identify problem areas. Older people at the beginning of the disease often occur in worn shape. The survey must be appointed in the presence of these symptoms:
* Decreased appetite
* Confusion
* Incontinence
* Dizziness
* Weight loss
* Cases fall
Treatment
The doctors almost always prescribe symptomatic treatment of diseases associated with aging. Approximately two-thirds of people over 65 years (among them more women than men) have resorted to using drugs. Older people often take painkillers, diuretics, sedatives and psychotropic drugs and drugs for cardiovascular diseases and antibiotics.
Postmenopausal women to address the symptoms of age-related changes are usually appointed by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogens. In addition, frequently prescribed drugs and progesterone. Prove that HRT helps to preserve mental abilities.
Outputs
Aging is inevitable, but the infirmities of age can be avoided. Even in very old people can continue to lead active lifestyles. In order to prevent or alleviate the symptoms of chronic diseases, need the support of relatives, friends and doctors, as well as proper nutrition, healthy lifestyles and ability to cope with stress.
Alternative therapies
Nutritional Supplements
Older people are encouraged to take high-quality vitamin and mineral complexes. In old age is often a shortage of B vitamins, vitamins A and C, folic acid, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, chromium and other trace elements. As in old age reduces the production of gastric juice, it is better to take vitamins in gelatin capsules, which are easily digested. In some vitamin complexes contain enzymes to improve digestion.
Antioxidants help eliminate the damage caused by free radicals, which are considered one of the causes of aging. Antioxidants are also useful for the prevention and treatment of cancer, cataracts and glaucoma.
The list of substances that are antioxidants:
* Vitamin E (daily norm - 400-1000 IU). Protects cell membranes from damage. May help prevent Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
* Selenium (the recommended dose - 50 mg 2 times a day). May reduce the risk of cancer.
* Beta-carotene (daily norm - 25000-40000 IU). Used as adjuvant treatment for cancer, colds, flu, arthritis, and to strengthen the immune system.
* Vitamin C (1000-2000 mg / day). In large doses can cause diarrhea. When side effects decrease dosage.
* Other useful supplements for age-related diseases:
* Complex vitamins B12 / B. According to studies, vitamin B12 improves memory and eliminates mental health problems (confusion and depression).
* Coenzyme Q10. It is effective for the treatment of heart disease. 3 / 4 of patients with heart disease are deficient in this enzyme.
Hormonal preparations
The following hormonal treatments used for prevention and treatment of diseases associated with aging of the organism. Before applying you should consult with a specialist.
DHEA normalizes hormones, helps to restore muscle mass and strengthen bone tissue and the prevention of heart disease.
Melatonin is used to treat insomnia, sexual dysfunction, viral and bacterial infections. Acceptance of this hormone reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Somatotropin (growth hormone) normalizes blood glucose levels, strengthens bone, cartilage and muscle tissue, helps to burn fat.
Phytopreparations
Garlic (Allium sativa) is used to prevent and treat heart disease, improves complexion and skin condition. Garlic normalizes the liver and digestive system, lowers blood pressure.
Eleutherococcus (Eleutherococcus senticosus) stimulates the adrenal glands and the immune system. There is evidence that it helps to eliminate problems caused by stress. Siberian ginseng enhances mental and physical activity, prevent memory loss, chronic fatigue syndrome and immune dysfunction.
Source proantotsianidov are pine bark, bones and skin of grapes. These compounds are useful for the prevention of cancer and eye diseases.
In Ayurveda, aging is explained by the fact that the man begins to dominate Vata dosha - the driest of the three doshas (basic life forces). Man becomes thin, loses fluid, becomes more and more nervous, anxious and fearful, complains of poor sleep and appetite. To correct this condition using food (bananas, almonds, avocados, coconuts) and fitodrug Gotha-Cola, or pennywort (Centella asiatica), strengthens the immune system and restore the normal functioning of the nervous system and brain cells. Pennywort is used to treat loss of memory, anxiety and insomnia.
In Chinese medicine, aging is explained by a lack of yin. Older people are encouraged to have "moisturizing products. These include millet, barley soup, tofu, golden beans, oats, spirulina, potatoes, black sesame seeds, walnuts, flaxseed. You can use tonics: extract from antlers of a deer, weed seeds, sprouts of Chinese foxglove, "Longevity soup, mussels and chicken.
Prevention
To increase life expectancy and improve its quality in old age need to eat right, lead an active lifestyle, avoid stress and give up bad habits. Physical exercise strengthens bone tissue, improves appetite, digestion, emotional feelings and circulation.
Drinking plenty of fluids can maintain healthy skin, good digestion and timely withdrawal from the organism of decay products. On the day you should drink up to 8 glasses of water, along with herbal tea, diluted fruit and vegetable juices, consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits with high content of liquid.
Due to the weakening of taste receptors older people are often added to eat more salt. This leads to an increase in blood pressure and lack of useful substances in the body. Consumption of sugar also increased. As a sugar substitute can be used seaweed and honey (in small quantities).
Alcohol, nicotine and caffeine are potentially dangerous, so their need to partially or completely abandoned.
Recommended foods rich in fiber but low in fat and complex carbohydrates (eg cereals). If it is difficult to chew, drink more drinks containing proteins, milk cereals, fresh fruit and vegetable juices.
Rx Louisiana
A man of middle age: how to avoid the crisis?
Not every man has reached middle age crisis. So, what will be "mid-life" depends on many factors: nature, life experiences, as well as social and economic status of the person.
What you need to easily survive the average age?
* Ability to solve problems. Seasons carefree youth have passed. The average age of a person is faced with many challenges, but his experience is richer. Certainty and discretion, who had come over the years, helping to successfully deal with adversity.
* Optimism. People who think that a glass half full rather than half empty, at any age feel happy.
* Communication skills. Good relationships with family members, friends and colleagues - a pledge of good health. Spend more time with the people. And they will support you and during middle age and later.
* Education. The higher level of education, the less risk in the prime of life fall into crisis. Educated people more inclined to believe trouble temporary circumstances. He did not see them as insurmountable obstacles. However, the diploma is no substitute for intuition, based on life experience. Continue to train the mental faculties, always learning something new.
* Experience. The experience acquired in his youth, in middle age can help to realize their success (or bad luck). Change of employment, relocation, early marriage or divorce - all this in the end makes you bolder and wiser.
* Health. Healthy lifestyle helps to go safely through middle age. Watch for weight, give up bad habits. As they say, you so many years on how you feel. When you stand on the threshold of middle age, to feel young and energetic is especially important.
The crisis - not necessarily satellite middle age. In "mid-life" advantages. Try to be optimistic and keep yourself in shape. Then you can enjoy life at any age.
Rx Utah
What you need to easily survive the average age?
* Ability to solve problems. Seasons carefree youth have passed. The average age of a person is faced with many challenges, but his experience is richer. Certainty and discretion, who had come over the years, helping to successfully deal with adversity.
* Optimism. People who think that a glass half full rather than half empty, at any age feel happy.
* Communication skills. Good relationships with family members, friends and colleagues - a pledge of good health. Spend more time with the people. And they will support you and during middle age and later.
* Education. The higher level of education, the less risk in the prime of life fall into crisis. Educated people more inclined to believe trouble temporary circumstances. He did not see them as insurmountable obstacles. However, the diploma is no substitute for intuition, based on life experience. Continue to train the mental faculties, always learning something new.
* Experience. The experience acquired in his youth, in middle age can help to realize their success (or bad luck). Change of employment, relocation, early marriage or divorce - all this in the end makes you bolder and wiser.
* Health. Healthy lifestyle helps to go safely through middle age. Watch for weight, give up bad habits. As they say, you so many years on how you feel. When you stand on the threshold of middle age, to feel young and energetic is especially important.
The crisis - not necessarily satellite middle age. In "mid-life" advantages. Try to be optimistic and keep yourself in shape. Then you can enjoy life at any age.
Rx Utah
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